Centos关闭账号密码登录，生成密钥并使用密钥登录

服务器开启账号密码登录容易被暴力破解，使用密钥登录会更安全。

生成公钥和私钥：

ssh-keygen -t rsa

基本上一路回车即可：

[root@user ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:sYGraime8IxjhgchvZc8QM1q9pLa2l0d/W2gJ1flfiw root@domain.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
+----[SHA256]-----+

将公钥追加到authorized_keys：

cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys

编辑sshd_config文件：

vi  /etc/ssh/sshd_config

注意以下项的值：

PubkeyAuthentication yes
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys

重启SSH服务：

systemctl restart sshd.service

下载/root/.ssh目录中的id_rsa和id_rsa.pub文件，其中id_rsa是私钥，测试使用私钥登录服务器，如果登录成功，则编辑sshd_config文件，修改以下参数的值，将账号密码登录关闭：

PasswordAuthentication no

重启SSH服务：

systemctl restart sshd.service