Debian 10安装配置Nginx Light
Nginx Light是Nginx的轻量级版本,在低配置服务器上使用非常适合,例如开发板。
安装Nginx Light:
apt install nginx-light
启动Nginx:
systemctl enable nginx
安装UFW(如果还没有安装的话):
apt install ufw
放行SSH端口:
ufw allow 22/tcp
放行HTTP端口:
ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'
放行HTTPS端口:
ufw allow 'Nginx HTTPS'
也可以使用下面的命令同时放行HTTP和HTTPS端口:
ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
启用防火墙:
ufw enable
查看防火墙端口放行情况:
ufw status
Nginx的默认根目录是:
/var/www
当然,可以自定义根目录,但要注意站点配置文件中root的路径。
创建站点目录:
mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/
设置网站目录所属用户和用户组:
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/example.com/
创建站点配置文件:
vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com.conf
HTTP访问的配置大致如下:
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
root /var/www/example.com/;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}
location ~* \.php$ {
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
HTTPS访问需要配置SSL证书:
server {
listen 443 ssl;
listen [::]:443 ssl;
root /var/www/example.com/;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/certs/example.com.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/example.com-key.pem;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}
location ~* \.php$ {
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
创建站点配置文件的链接:
ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
还可以在Nginx配置文件中进行其他配置:
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
重新加载配置:
/etc/init.d/nginx reload
也可以使用:
systemctl reload nginx
如果需要重启Nginx,可以使用以下命令:
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
也可以使用:
systemctl restart nginx
卸载Nginx
停用Nginx:
systemctl disable nginx --now
卸载Nginx:
apt remove nginx
删除配置文件:
rm -R /etc/nginx/